The mission of the Museum of Evolution of the Institute of Paleobiology of the Polish Academy of Sciences is the friendly popularisation of knowledge about the evolution of life on Earth. In addition to visiting the permanent and temporary exhibitions, the museum offers a rich repertoire of museum lessons and training for teachers. The topics of the museum lessons and training courses focus on pressing problems of modern evolutionism, such as the origin of man, the conquest of land by vertebrates and the mystery of the extinction of the dinosaurs. The general course of evolution on land, the results of palaeontological expeditions to the Gobi Desert and types of fossils are also discussed.

The core of the palaeontological exhibition is formed by the skeletons of dinosaurs found in the Gobi Desert in the 1960s and 1970s by Polish-Mongolian palaeontological expeditions under the direction of Professor Zofia Kielan-Jaworowska. The largest hall of the Museum of Evolution is almost completely filled with the massive skeleton of an opisthoceliacaudia - a representative of the herbivorous dinosaurs known as zauropods. Attached to the animal's long neck, the head has been described under a different name (as nemegtosaurus), as it was found several kilometres away from the rest of the skeleton. However, palaeontologists suspect that it may have been one and the same animal.